Summary for ADHD

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurological condition affecting attention, impulse control, and hyperactivity, caused by genetic and environmental factors. It is categorized into inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined types, often accompanied by comorbid conditions. Diagnosis involves behavioral assessments and sometimes advanced neurological tools. Management includes therapy, medication, structured routines, and lifestyle adjustments, with neurologists playing a key role in complex cases. Emerging research and non-invasive therapies provide hope for improved care and personalized treatments.

Key Points on ADHD

Definition: A neurodevelopmental disorder affecting attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.

Causes: Genetic, neurological dysfunction, and environmental factors (e.g., prenatal exposure, early trauma).

Neurology: Involves differences in the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and dopamine regulation.

Symptoms:

Inattentive: Forgetfulness, difficulty focusing, disorganization.
Hyperactive-Impulsive: Restlessness, excessive energy, impulsivity.
Combined: Features of both subtypes.

Diagnosis: Behavioral assessments, imaging tools (EEG, MRI), and ruling out other conditions.

Treatment:

Medication: Stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate) and non-stimulants.
Therapy: Behavioral therapy, family counseling, and coping strategies.
Lifestyle: Structured routines, exercise, and balanced diets.

Role of Neurologists: Evaluate overlapping symptoms, use advanced diagnostics, and collaborate for comprehensive care.

Future Directions: Non-invasive therapies (e.g., TMS, neurofeedback) and personalized treatment approaches.

ADHD

Basics

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