Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Summary:

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age, often involving multiple cysts in the ovaries, hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and metabolic issues. It can lead to irregular periods, excessive hair growth, acne, weight gain, infertility, and mental health challenges.

Causes:

PCOS is believed to result from genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with insulin resistance being a major contributor. Elevated androgen levels and hormonal imbalances disrupt ovulation and fertility.

Symptoms:

  • Irregular periods
  • Excessive hair growth, acne, and thinning hair
  • Weight gain, especially around the abdomen
  • Infertility
  • Skin issues like dark patches and skin tags
  • Fatigue and mood swings

Health Risks:

Women with PCOS are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and endometrial cancer.

Diagnosis:

PCOS is diagnosed based on at least two criteria: high androgen symptoms, irregular periods, and polycystic ovaries (seen via ultrasound). Blood tests may show elevated testosterone, insulin, and LH levels.

Treatment:

Management includes lifestyle changes (healthy diet, exercise), medications (e.g., hormonal contraceptives, metformin, anti-androgens), and fertility treatments. In some cases, surgery (ovarian drilling) is used to restore ovulation.

Managing PCOS:

Key strategies include a low-glycemic diet, regular physical activity, stress management, and emotional support. Proper care can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Disclaimer:

This information is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor for personalized guidance.

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